Les Misérables, the iconic musical composed by Claude-Michel Schönberg with lyrics by Alain Boublil and Herbert Kretzmer, has captivated audiences worldwide with its powerful story and memorable songs. One of the most beloved and humorous tracks from the musical is "Master of the House," sung by the characters Thénardier and Madame Thénardier. This song showcases the cunning and comedic nature of the Thénardiers as they run their inn, exploiting their guests and making a living off their misery.
Introduction to Master of the House

“Master of the House” is a pivotal song in Les Misérables, offering a moment of levity amidst the otherwise somber and dramatic storyline. The Thénardiers, with their quick wit and cunning, manage to create a sense of energy and playfulness, highlighting the multifaceted nature of the musical. The song’s lyrics not only demonstrate the Thénardiers’ manipulative tactics but also provide insight into their characters, showcasing their desperation and the lengths to which they will go to survive.
Historical Context and Musical Significance
Set in 19th-century France, Les Misérables is based on the novel by Victor Hugo, published in 1862. The musical adaptation brings to life the struggles of the French people, the fight for justice, and the personal stories of redemption and love. “Master of the House” fits into this narrative by illustrating the economic and social hardships faced by many during this period, as well as the ways in which individuals like the Thénardiers found to exploit these circumstances for their own gain.
The song's musical significance lies in its ability to break the tension and provide comic relief, a technique often used in musical theater to enhance the emotional impact of the more serious moments. The music itself, with its catchy melody and rhythm, contributes to the overall atmosphere of the song, making "Master of the House" a fan favorite and a memorable part of the Les Misérables experience.
| Song Title | Characters | Musical Context |
|---|---|---|
| Master of the House | Thénardier, Madame Thénardier | Act II, Scene 1 |
| Composer | Claude-Michel Schönberg | Lyricists: Alain Boublil, Herbert Kretzmer |

Key Points
- "Master of the House" is a pivotal song in Les Misérables, offering comic relief and character insight.
- The song showcases the cunning and desperation of the Thénardiers, highlighting the economic and social struggles of 19th-century France.
- Musically, the song contributes to the overall narrative by providing a moment of levity and enhancing the emotional impact of the musical.
- The lyrics of "Master of the House" demonstrate the Thénardiers' manipulative tactics and their role in the storyline.
- The song's historical context and musical significance make it a memorable and impactful part of the Les Misérables experience.
Given the context and the importance of "Master of the House" within Les Misérables, it's clear that the song is not just a moment of comic relief but a deeply integrated part of the narrative, enhancing both the characters and the storyline. The song's ability to balance humor with thematic relevance is a testament to the musical's enduring appeal and the skill of its creators.
Lyrical Analysis and Thematic Resonance

The lyrics of “Master of the House” are a masterclass in character development and thematic exploration. Through their words and actions, the Thénardiers reveal their true nature, showcasing a blend of desperation, cunning, and resilience. The song’s themes of exploitation, survival, and the blurred lines between right and wrong are woven throughout the lyrics, providing a nuanced view of the characters and their place within the larger narrative of Les Misérables.
Character Insights and Development
One of the most significant contributions of “Master of the House” is its portrayal of the Thénardiers. The song offers a unique glimpse into their personalities, motivations, and the dynamics of their relationship. The Thénardiers are not one-dimensional characters; they are complex, with their own set of beliefs, morals, and codes of conduct, however skewed these may be. This complexity makes them relatable and interesting, adding depth to the musical.
The character development in "Master of the House" also underscores the social and economic themes of Les Misérables. The Thénardiers' actions and justifications serve as a commentary on the conditions of the time, where survival often depended on one's ability to exploit others. This thematic resonance is what makes the song not just entertaining but also thought-provoking, inviting the audience to consider the broader implications of the characters' actions.
What is the significance of "Master of the House" in Les Misérables?
+"Master of the House" is significant for its comic relief, character development, and thematic exploration, particularly in showcasing the cunning and desperation of the Thénardiers and the social and economic conditions of 19th-century France.
How does the song contribute to the overall narrative of Les Misérables?
+The song contributes by providing a moment of levity, enhancing character understanding, and exploring themes of exploitation and survival, which are central to the musical's storyline and historical context.
What does "Master of the House" reveal about the Thénardiers' characters?
+The song reveals the Thénardiers' cunning, desperation, and the dynamics of their relationship, showcasing complex characters with their own moral codes and motivations, contributing to the richness of the musical's character development.
In conclusion, “Master of the House” from Les Misérables is a song that not only entertains with its catchy melody and witty lyrics but also provides significant character insights and thematic resonance. The song’s ability to balance humor with depth, exploring the complexities of the Thénardiers and the social conditions of 19th-century France, is a testament to the musical’s enduring appeal and the skill of its creators. As a pivotal part of the Les Misérables narrative, “Master of the House” continues to captivate audiences, offering a unique blend of entertainment, character development, and thematic exploration.